Decision-Making Experiment: Choices Among Gambles Part 1

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Look at Choice No. 1 below. Imagine two containers, each of which holds exactly 100 tickets. The tickets are all identical, but they have different cash prizes printed on them. You get to choose the container from which a ticket will be drawn randomly. You win the amount of money printed on the ticket.

The first gamble in Choice No. 1 has 50 tickets that win $100 and 50 that win $0, so the probability to win $100 is .50 and the probability to get $0 is .50. If someone chooses the First Gamble, half the time they will draw a ticket that pays $0 and half the time they will draw a ticket to win $100. But in this study, you only get to play a gamble once, so the prize will be either $0 or $100.

The Second Gamble has 100 tickets also, but 50 of these win $25 and 50 of them win $35. The second gamble thus guarantees at least $25, but the most you can win is $35.

Some people will prefer the First Gamble and some will prefer the Second Gamble. To mark your choice, click the button next to First or Second Gamble. Notice that the dot next to No. 1 will empty and fill in the button next to your choice.

On December 21, 2006, after people have finished their choices, ten people will be selected randomly to play one gamble for real money. One trial will be selected randomly from all of the trials, and if you were one of these lucky people, you will get to play the gamble you chose on the trial selected. You might win as much as $110. Any one of the choices might be the one you get to play, so choose carefully.



1.
First Gamble:
   50 tickets to win $100
   50 tickets to win $0
OR
Second Gamble:
   50 tickets to win $35
   50 tickets to win $25

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


2.
First Gamble:
   50 tickets to win $100
   50 tickets to win $0
OR
Second Gamble:
   50 tickets to win $45
   50 tickets to win $35

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


3.
First Gamble:
   70 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $50
   20 tickets to win $0
OR
Second Gamble:
   70 tickets to win $80
   10 tickets to win $50
   20 tickets to win $0

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


4.
First Gamble:
   35 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $35
   55 tickets to win $25
OR
Second Gamble:
   55 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $35
   35 tickets to win $25

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


5.
First Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $44
   10 tickets to win $40
OR
Second Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $96
   10 tickets to win $4

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


6.
First Gamble:
   01 tickets to win $100
   20 tickets to win $49
   20 tickets to win $45
   59 tickets to win $4
OR
Second Gamble:
   01 tickets to win $100
   20 tickets to win $97
   20 tickets to win $11
   59 tickets to win $4

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


7.
First Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $98
   10 tickets to win $2
   80 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $40
   10 tickets to win $40
   80 tickets to win $2

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


8.
First Gamble:
   85 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $14
   05 tickets to win $12
OR
Second Gamble:
   85 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $90
   05 tickets to win $12
   05 tickets to win $12

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


9.
First Gamble:
   45 tickets to win $58
   45 tickets to win $56
   10 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   45 tickets to win $96
   45 tickets to win $4
   10 tickets to win $2

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


10.
First Gamble:
   95 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $12
OR
Second Gamble:
   90 tickets to win $96
   10 tickets to win $48

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


11.
First Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $96
   20 tickets to win $40
OR
Second Gamble:
   90 tickets to win $96
   10 tickets to win $4

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


12.
First Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $100
   45 tickets to win $44
   45 tickets to win $40
OR
Second Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $100
   45 tickets to win $96
   45 tickets to win $4

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


13.
First Gamble:
   05 tickets to win $96
   95 tickets to win $12
OR
Second Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $52
   90 tickets to win $12

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


14.
First Gamble:
   85 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $50
   05 tickets to win $50
OR
Second Gamble:
   85 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $100
   05 tickets to win $7

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


15.
First Gamble:
   59 tickets to win $100
   20 tickets to win $49
   20 tickets to win $45
   01 tickets to win $4
OR
Second Gamble:
   59 tickets to win $100
   20 tickets to win $97
   20 tickets to win $11
   01 tickets to win $4

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


16.
First Gamble:
   90 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $14
   05 tickets to win $12
OR
Second Gamble:
   25 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $90
   70 tickets to win $12

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


17.
First Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $98
   80 tickets to win $40
   10 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $40
   80 tickets to win $40
   10 tickets to win $40

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


18.
First Gamble:
   70 tickets to win $89
   10 tickets to win $88
   20 tickets to win $11
OR
Second Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $90
   10 tickets to win $13
   10 tickets to win $12

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


19.
First Gamble:
   50 tickets to win $44
   50 tickets to win $40
OR
Second Gamble:
   50 tickets to win $96
   50 tickets to win $4

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


20.
First Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $44
   10 tickets to win $40
   80 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $96
   10 tickets to win $4
   80 tickets to win $2

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


21.
First Gamble:
   05 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $12
   90 tickets to win $3
OR
Second Gamble:
   05 tickets to win $52
   05 tickets to win $48
   90 tickets to win $3

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


22.
First Gamble:
   20 tickets to win $58
   20 tickets to win $56
   60 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   20 tickets to win $96
   20 tickets to win $4
   60 tickets to win $2

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


23.
First Gamble:
   90 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $14
   05 tickets to win $12
OR
Second Gamble:
   85 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $90
   10 tickets to win $12

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


24.
First Gamble:
   10 tickets to win $98
   90 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   20 tickets to win $40
   80 tickets to win $2

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


25.
First Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $44
   10 tickets to win $40
OR
Second Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $100
   10 tickets to win $96
   10 tickets to win $4

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


26.
First Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $96
   10 tickets to win $44
   10 tickets to win $40
OR
Second Gamble:
   90 tickets to win $96
   10 tickets to win $10

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


27.
First Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $98
   10 tickets to win $98
   10 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $98
   10 tickets to win $40
   10 tickets to win $40

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


28.
First Gamble:
   85 tickets to win $100
   15 tickets to win $50
OR
Second Gamble:
   95 tickets to win $100
   05 tickets to win $7

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


29.
First Gamble:
   48 tickets to win $44
   48 tickets to win $40
   04 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   48 tickets to win $96
   48 tickets to win $4
   04 tickets to win $2

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


30.
First Gamble:
   90 tickets to win $98
   10 tickets to win $2
OR
Second Gamble:
   80 tickets to win $98
   20 tickets to win $40

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble


31.
First Gamble:
   90 tickets to win $100
   05 tickets to win $96
   05 tickets to win $12
OR
Second Gamble:
   90 tickets to win $100
   05 tickets to win $52
   05 tickets to win $48

Choose First Gamble Choose Second Gamble



Have you ever read a scientific paper (i.e., a journal article or book) on the theory of decision making or on the psychology of decision making?

No. Never.
Yes, I have.

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