Tresno, F., Ito, Y., & Mearns, J. (2013). Risk factors for non-suicidal self-injury
in Japanese college students: The moderating role of mood regulation expectancies. International Journal of Psychology, 48, 1009-1017.
In a sample of Japanese college students, stronger NMRE predicted less self-injurious behavior. NMRE moderated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and self-injury. For participants with higher NMRE, more maltreatment was not associated with greater self-injury. For those with lower NMRE, more maltreatment was associated with increasingly greater self-injury.